There is a growing body of clinical and preclinical evidence that therapeutic hepcidin plays an important role in a wide range of hematologic diseases. This includes conditions such as polycythemia vera (PV), hereditary hemochromatosis, myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and β-thalassemia. Across these disease states, patients develop dangerously high levels of iron, resulting in complications that impact survival and daily life.